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ویکی‌پدیا:ویکی‌پروژه میراث جهانی/هند

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از ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
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No. 		Name Image Region Period UNESCO data Description
۰۱ Temples at Bishnupur, بنگال غربی Radhamadhab Temple بنگال غربی (Bishnupur) 1600–1758 AD ۱۹۹۸ بنگال غربی is famous for its تراکوتا temples built in the 17th and 18th centuries and the balucheri sarees.
۰۲ Mattancherry Palace, Ernakulam, Kerala Mattancherry Palace (Kerala Dutch Palace), Kochi کرالا (Mattancherry, کوچی (هند)) 1555 AD ۱۹۹۸ Mattancherry Palace, also known as the هلند Palace, in Mattancherry, کوچی (هند), Kerala features Kerala murals depicting Hindu temple art, portraits and exhibits of the rajas of Kochi. (1998)
۰۳ Group of Monuments at Mandu, Madhya Pradesh Rani Rupmati pavilion مادیا پرادش (Mandu) mostly 16th and 17th centuries AD ۱۹۹۸ The Mandu, Madhya Pradesh Group of Monuments are in the fortress town on a rocky outcrop about ۱۰۰ کیلومتر (۶۲ مایل) from ایندور، and are celebrated for their fine architecture.[۱]
۰۴ سارناث Ancient Buddhist Site in Sarnath اوتار پرادش (سارناث، بخش وارناسی) 500 CE ۱۹۹۸ سارناث in سارناث، بنارس، Uttar Pradesh where گوتاما بودا first taught the درمه، and where the آیین بودایی سانگها came into existence through the enlightenment of Kondanna. (1998)
۰۵ دربار صاحب Sri Harimandir Sahib (Golden Temple), Amritsar پنجاب (هند) (امریتسار) اوت ۱۶۰۴ ۲۰۰۴ دربار صاحب (Harmandir Sahib) in امریتسار، پنجاب (هند), is the holiest shrine in آیین سیک.
۰۶ River Island of Majuli in midstream of Brahmaputra River in Assam Majuli island آسام (رود براهماپوترا) ۲۰۰۴ The River Island of Majuli in midstream of the رود براهماپوترا in Assam, is the largest river island in the world.[۲][۳]
۰۷ Namdapha National Park Namdapha National Park آروناچال پرادش ۲۰۰۶ This is the largest protected area in the Eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot. It is located in آروناچال پرادش in شمال شرق هند.
۰۸ Wild Ass Sanctuary, Little Rann of Kutch Indian wild ass in Indian Wild Ass Sanctuary گجرات (بخش کوتچ) ۲۰۰۶ The Wild Ass Sanctuary is the largest wildlife sanctuary in India. It is known for the endangered wild ass subspecies of خر وحشی هندی in Little Rann of Kutch.
۰۹ Neora Valley National Park Neora Valley بنگال غربی (بخش کالیمپونگ) ۲۰۰۹ This is one of the richest biological zones in the entire Northeast situated in the کالیمپونگ subdivision under بخش دارجیلینگ in West Bengal.
۱۰ Desert National Park Sand dunes of Thar Desert راجستان ۲۰۰۹ This is an example of the ecosystem of the بیابان تار.
۱۱ Mughal Gardens in Kashmir Chashme Shahi جامو و کشمیر (Chashma Shahi, سرینگر) 1619–1650 AD ۲۰۱۰ There are six gardens. They are Chashma Shahi, Shalimar Bagh, پری محل، ورینگ، Achabal Gardens and Nishat Bagh.
Shalimar Bagh جامو و کشمیر (Shalimar Bagh, سرینگر)
Verinag Garden جامو و کشمیر (ورینگ، انانتناگ)
Pari Mahal جامو و کشمیر (پری محل، سرینگر)
Achabal Garden جامو و کشمیر (Achabal Gardens, انانتناگ)
Nishat Bagh جامو و کشمیر (Nishat Bagh, سرینگر)
۱۲ Silk Road Sites in India Buddha's ashes Stupa, Vaishali, Bihar Vikramshila ancient university
Sanghol Stupa site 		بیهار، جامو و کشمیر، مهاراشترا، پودوچری، پنجاب (هند), تامیل‌نادو and اوتار پرادش Around 114 BC – 1450s ۲۰۱۰ This is part of the extensive interconnected network of trade routes across the آسیا connecting East, South, and غرب آسیا with the دریای مدیترانه world, as well as North and Northeast آفریقا and اروپا.
۱۳ Santiniketan Prayer Hall in Santiniketan بنگال غربی (Shantiniketan) ۱۸۶۲ ۲۰۱۰ Santiniketan was made famous by فهرست برندگان جایزه نوبل رابیندرانات تاگور، whose vision became the present university town دانشگاه ویسو بهاراتی.
۱۴ The Qutb Shahi Monuments of Hyderabad golkonda Qutb Shahi Tombs Charminar
Taramati Baradari 		تلانگانا (حیدرآباد (هند)) 14th to 17th centuries ۲۰۱۱ This is a collection of the قطب‌شاهیان Monuments in and around حیدرآباد (هند) city. They are گلکنده، گنبدان قطب شاهی، چهارمنار (حیدرآباد), Char Kaman and Taramati Baradari.[۴]
۱۵ دهلی Delhi دهلی 6th century BC ۲۰۱۲ India's historic national Capital nominated for میراث جهانی status.
۱۶ Apatani Cultural Landscape Diorama of Apatani tribe at Jawaharlal Nehru Museum, ایتاناگار آروناچال پرادش ۲۰۱۴
۱۷ Archaeological remains of a Harappa Port-Town, Lothal Lothal گجرات 2450 to 1800 BC.[۵] ۲۰۱۴ Lothal is one of the most prominent cities of the ancient تمدن دره سند، discovered in 1954. Lothal was excavated from February 13, 1955 to May 19, 1960 by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). Lothal's dock—the world's earliest known—connected the city to an ancient course of the Sabarmati River.).[۶]
۱۸ مشرق‌الاذکار نیلوفر آبی at New Delhi Bahá'í House of Worship دهلی (دهلی نو) ۲۴ دسامبر ۱۹۸۶ ۲۰۱۴ A Baháʼí House of Worship, also referred to by the name Mashriqu-l-Adhkár (مشرق الاذکار), an Arabic phrase meaning "Dawning-place of the remembrance of God", is the designation of a place of worship, or temple, of the Baháʼí Faith. The teachings of the religion envisage Houses of Worship being surrounded by a number of dependencies dedicated to social, humanitarian, educational, and scientific pursuits, although none has yet been built to such an extent.
۱۹ Cellular Jail, جزایر آندامان Cellular Jail, Port Blair جزایر آندامان 1906 AD ۲۰۱۴ The historic Cellular Jail in پورت بلر was used by the امپراتوری بریتانیا to تبعید زندانی سیاسی during the جنبش استقلال‌طلبی هند to the remote مجمع‌الجزایر. Presently, the jail complex serves as a national memorial monument.[۷]
۲۰ Chettinad, Village Clusters of the Tamil Merchants a palatial house in Chettinad تامیل‌نادو (Chettinad) mostly 19th century ۲۰۱۴
۲۱ Chilika Lake Chilika Lake اودیسا ۲۰۱۴ Chilika Lake is the largest coastal lagoon in India and the second largest lagoon in the world.[۸][۹]
۲۲ Monuments and forts of the سلطان‌نشین‌های دکن Gol Gumbaz Bidar Fort Karnataka (Gulbarga, Bidar, عادل‌شاهیان) and Telangana (حیدرآباد (هند)) 16th and 17th centuries ۲۰۱۴
۲۳ بوبانسور، بوبانسور اودیسا (بوبانسور) 3rd century BC to 11th century AD ۲۰۱۴ بوبانسور is famous for Kalinga Style temples and Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves. بوبانسور got the name Ekamra Kshetra as Lingaraj, deity of Lingaraja Temple, is believed to be originally under a mango tree (Ekamra), according to Ekamra Purana. Bhubaneswar is considered a pilgrimage site by شیواپرستی، آیین بودایی and جین (دین)s.[۱۰]
۲۴ Iconic Saree Weaving Clusters of India styles of ساری (پوشاک) India ۲۰۱۴
۲۵ Padmanabhapuram Palace Padmanabhapuram Palace تامیل‌نادو 1601 AD ۲۰۱۴ Padmanabhapuram Palace is located in the بخش کنیاکماری، تامیل‌نادو but it is owned and controlled by the کرالا Government.[۱۱]
۲۶ Sacred Ensembles of the Hoysala Hoysaleshwara temple, Halebidu کارناتاکا (بلور، کارناتاکا and Halebidu) 1113–1268 AD ۲۰۱۴ A Group of 25 Hindu and Jain temples.[۱۲][۱۳][۱۴][۱۵] built in 12th and 13th century AD by امپراتوری هویسالا.
۲۷ Monuments of Srirangapatna Island Town Sri Ranganatha temple, Srirangapatna کارناتاکا 9th–18th century ۲۰۱۴ A Group of structures including Ranganatha Swamy Temple, Tipu Sultan's palace, Tipu Sultan's Gumbaz, Garrison cemetery, Scott's Bungalow, Srirangapatna Fort, Bailey's Dungeon, and the Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary.
۲۸ جزیره نارکوندام Narcondam Island جزایر آندامان و نیکوبار ۲۰۱۴ Narcondam Island is a small آتشفشان island located in the دریای آندامان. Famous for the در خطر انقراض نوک‌شاخ نارکوندام that is بومزاد to the island.
۲۹ The Neolithic Settlement of Burzahom Pot, excavated from Burzahom جامو و کشمیر 3000 BC to 1000 BC ۲۰۱۴ Known for its prehistoric occupational culture of the دوران نوسنگی era, the Megalithic era and the early Modern Period.
۳۰ Thembang Fortified Village Thembang Fortified Village آروناچال پرادش ۲۰۱۴
۳۱ Sites of ساتیاگراها، India's non-violent freedom movement Gandhi during the Salt Satyagraha, March 1930. India ۲۰۱۴ ساتیاگراها loosely translated as "insistence on truth"[۱۶] generally known as مقاومت بدون خشونت، was coined and developed by مهاتما گاندی[۱۷] for جنبش استقلال‌طلبی هند. Satyagraha theory influenced نلسون ماندلا's struggle in آپارتاید، مارتین لوتر کینگ جونیور's and جیمز لوتر بول's campaigns during the جنبش حقوق مدنی سیاه‌پوستان آمریکا (۶۸–۱۹۵۵) in the United States, and many other social justice and similar movements.[۱۸][۱۹]
۳۲ Moidams – the Mound-Burial system of the Ahom Dynasty Maidam آسام ۲۰۱۴ Those are گورپشته of the royalty and aristocracy of the medieval Ahom Kingdom (1228–1826) in آسام.[۲۰]
۳۳ Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam Sri Ranganathanswamy Temple تامیل‌نادو (Srirangam, تیروچیراپالی) 817 AD, or before, to ۱۹۸۷ ۲۰۱۴
۳۴ ریل‌های کوهستانی هند Matheran railway مهاراشترا ۱۸۸۱ ۲۰۱۴ The Matheran Hill Railway in گهات غربی is proposed to be included to the group of already inscribed Mountain Railway Lines.
۳۵ جاده گرند ترانک Kos Minar, on Grand Trunk Road, Ambala India تاریخ باستان – present ۲۰۱۵ It is one of آسیا's oldest and longest major roads.[۲۱]
۳۶ Evolution of Temple Architecture – Aihole-Badami-Pattadakal Badami Cave no. 3 (Vaishnava, 578 AD)

Durga temple, Aihole, 650 AD Bhutanatha temples, Badami

کارناتاکا (ایهول، Badami and پاتاداکال) 5th to 8th centuries ۲۰۱۵
۳۷ Cold Desert Cultural Landscape of India Cold Desert of Ladakh
Bactrian Camels of Cold Desert of Ladakh
Ladakh 		لداخ ۲۰۱۵ Much of this desert is over an altitude of 3,000 m (9,800 ft).[۲۲][۲۳]
۳۸ Keibul Lamjao Conservation Area مانیپور ۱۹۷۷ ۲۰۱۶ Keibul Lamjao Conservation Area comprises Keibul Lamjao National Park and Loktak Lake and Pumlen Pat. Loktak Lake is famous for Phumdis, a series of floating islands.[۲۴] Keibul Lamjao National Park is rich amalgam of بوم‌سازگان آبی، تالاب and terrestrial اکوسیستم.[۲۵]
۳۹ Garo Hills Conservation Area مگالایا ۲۰۱۸ The Garo Hills Conservation Area (GHCA)[۲۶]
۴۰ The historic ensemble of اورچها مادیا پرادش 16th century ۲۰۱۹ Orchha was built by King Rudra Pratap Singh of Bundela dynasty in the 16th century. The ancient town is famous for inception of Bundeli architectural style including Chaturbhuj Temple, Orchha fort complex, Raja Mahal among others.[۲۷]
۴۱ Iconic Riverfront of the Historic City of بنارس اوتار پرادش ۲۰۲۱ The Ganga river with its riverfront ghats in Varanasi, a total of 88 in number are groups of separate or connected buildings which, because of their architecture, their homogeneity or their place in the landscape are of outstanding universal value from the point of view of history, art or science.[۲۸]
۴۲ Temples of کانچیپورام Ekambareshwarar Temple

Kailashnathar Temple

تامیل‌نادو 6th - 7th centuries CE ۲۰۲۱ The temple town of Kanchipuram in Tamil Nadu, is dotted with ancient temples that are architectural marvels and a visual treat. This historical city once had 1,000 temples, of which only 126 (108 Shaiva and 18 Vaishnava) now remain. Its rich legacy has been the endowment of the Pallava dynasty, which made the region its capital between the 6th and 7th centuries and lavished upon its architectural gems that are a fine example of Dravidian styles.[۲۹]
۴۳ Hire Benkal, Megalithic Site Hire Benkal Megalithic Site کارناتاکا Neolithic Age ۲۰۲۱ The 2,800-years-old megalithic site of Hire Benkal in Karnataka is one of the largest prehistoric megalithic settlements where some funerary monuments are still intact. The site has extremely valuable collection of Neolithic monuments.[۳۰]
۴۴ Bhedaghat- Lametaghat in نرمدا Valley Marble Rocks at Bhedaghat مادیا پرادش ۲۰۲۱ Bhedaghat, often referred to as the Grand Canyon of India, is a town in the Jabalpur district, around 25 km from Jabalpur. It is known for its marble rocks and their various morphological forms on either side of the Narmada river which flows through the gorge. It has also been observed that the magical marble mountains assume different colours and even shapes of animals and other living forms as one moves through them.[۳۱]
۴۵ Satpura Tiger Reserve[۳۲] مادیا پرادش ۲۰۲۱
۴۶ Serial Nomination of Maratha Military Architecture in Maharashtra Raigad Fort

Torna Fort

مهاراشترا 17th century CE ۲۰۲۱ There are 12 forts in Maharashtra dating back to the era of the 17th-century Maratha king Chhatrapati Shivaji. They are namely Shivneri (the birthplace of Shivaji); Raigad (the capital fort rebuilt for the coronation of the Maratha king), Torna (the first fort of the Maratha empire), Rajgad, Salher-Mulher, Panhala, Pratapgad, Lohagad, Sindhudurg, Padmadurga (Kasa), Vijaydurg and Kolaba.[۳۳]
  1. ↑ "Madhya Pradesh & Chhattisgarh". lonelyplanet.com. Archived from the original on August 8, 2017. Retrieved January 8, 2019.
  2. ↑ "Majuli, world's largest river island is shrinking and sinking". indiatoday.intoday.in. Archived from the original on December 5, 2016. Retrieved January 8, 2019.
  3. ↑ Majuli, River Island. "Largest river island". Guinness World Records. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  4. ↑ "The Qutb Shahi Monuments of Hyderabad Golconda Fort, Qutb Shahi Tombs, Charminar". whc.unesco.org. Archived from the original on February 22, 2013. Retrieved January 8, 2019.
  5. ↑ "Excavations – Important – Gujarat". Archaeological Survey of India. Archived from the original on October 11, 2011. Retrieved October 25, 2011.
  6. ↑ S. R. Rao (1985). Lothal. Archaeological Survey of India. pp. 28–29.
  7. ↑ "History of Andaman Cellular Jail: Recapture of Andaman Islands to keep Political Prisoners". andamancellularjail.org. January 18, 2007. Archived from the original on January 18, 2007. Retrieved August 6, 2010.
  8. ↑ Forest and Environment Department. "Chilika". Wildlife Conservation in Orissa. Govt of Orissa. Archived from the original on July 1, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2008.
  9. ↑ "Inventory of wetlands" (PDF). Govt. of India. pp. 314–318. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 3, 2016. Retrieved December 9, 2008.
  10. ↑ "Ekamra Kshetra – The Temple City, Bhubaneswar". whc.unesco.org. Archived from the original on October 1, 2018. Retrieved January 8, 2019.
  11. ↑ "Padmanabhapuram Palace". iloveindia.com. Archived from the original on October 5, 2018. Retrieved January 8, 2019.
  12. ↑ Foekema (1996), pp5-6
  13. ↑ Foekema (2003), pp66–79, pp87–91
  14. ↑ Cousens (1926), p93
  15. ↑ Hardy (1995), pp317–348
  16. ↑ "Truth (satya) implies love, and firmness (agraha) engenders and therefore serves as a synonym for force. I thus began to call the Indian movement Satyagraha, that is to say, the Force which is born of Truth and Love or nonviolence, and gave up the use of the phrase "passive resistance", in connection with it, so much so that even in English writing we often avoided it and used instead the word "satyagraha" itself or some other equivalent English phrase."
  17. ↑ Uma Majmudar (2005). Gandhi's pilgrimage of faith: from darkness to light. SUNY Press. p. 138. ISBN 978-0-7914-6405-2.
  18. ↑ [۱] بایگانی‌شده در مه ۲, ۲۰۱۵ توسط Wayback Machine "Gandhi's satyagraha became a major tool in the Indian struggle against British imperialism and has since been adopted by protest groups in other countries." Date accessed: September 14, 2010.
  19. ↑ [۲][پیوند مرده] بایگانی‌شده در ژوئن ۵, ۲۰۱۱ توسط Wayback Machine "In this respect Satyagraha or non-violent resistance, as conceived by Gandhiji, has an important lesson for pacifists and war-resisters of the West. Western pacifists have so far proved ineffective because they have thought that war can be resisted by mere propaganda, conscientious objection, and organization for settling disputes." Date accessed: September 14, 2010.
  20. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on April 10, 2009. Retrieved August 11, 2015.{{cite web}}: نگهداری یادکرد:عنوان آرشیو به جای عنوان (link)
  21. ↑ K. M. Sarkar (1927). The Grand Trunk Road in the Punjab: 1849–1886. Atlantic Publishers & Distri. pp. 2–. GGKEY:GQWKH1K79D6.
  22. ↑ "Multi-hazard Map of India" (PDF). برنامه عمران ملل متحد. 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 31, 2014. Retrieved October 31, 2014.
  23. ↑ Rizvi, Janet (1996). Ladakh — Crossroads of High Asia. انتشارات دانشگاه آکسفورد.
  24. ↑ "Keibul Lamjao Conservation Area". یونسکو. Archived from the original on July 15, 2017. Retrieved July 15, 2017.
  25. ↑ "Keibul Lamjao National Park Forest Department, Government of Manipur". Archived from the original on October 15, 2008.
  26. ↑ "Garo Hills Conservation Area (GHCA)". whc.unesco.org. یونسکو.
  27. ↑ "The historic ensemble of Orchha". whc.unesco.org. یونسکو.
  28. ↑ "Iconic Riverfront of the Historic City of Varanasi". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2021-06-26.{{cite web}}: نگهداری CS1: url-status (link)
  29. ↑ "Temples of Kanchipuram". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2021-06-26.{{cite web}}: نگهداری CS1: url-status (link)
  30. ↑ "Hire Benkal, Megalithic Site". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2021-06-26.{{cite web}}: نگهداری CS1: url-status (link)
  31. ↑ "Bhedaghat-Lametaghat in Narmada Valley". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2021-06-26.{{cite web}}: نگهداری CS1: url-status (link)
  32. ↑ "Satpura Tiger Reserve". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2021-06-26.{{cite web}}: نگهداری CS1: url-status (link)
  33. ↑ "Serial Nomination of Maratha Military Architecture in Maharashtra". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2021-06-26.{{cite web}}: نگهداری CS1: url-status (link)
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