Identifier: handbookoffedera01belf (find matches)
Title: Handbook of the federated Malay states
Year: 1902 (1900s)
Authors: Belfield, H(enry) Conway. (from old catalog)
Subjects:
Publisher: London
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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w some 70,000 Chinese employed exclusivelyin tin mining, each of whom wins an average of 5 cwt. of tinper annum, of the gross value of $292. After variousdeductions for taxation, commission, &c., the net earningsamount to $160 per coolie per annum. The amount andvalue of tin exported during the last three years is asunder:— 1898. 1899. 1900. Amount 16,350 tons 16,000 tons 15,900 tons Value $11,916,418 $17,950,866 $19,434,562 Average value perTon $724 $1,178 $1,246 The greatest amount exported was in the year 1896,amounting to 20,700 tons, valued at $10,824,077, the averageprice of tin being then only $555 per ton. The average tinduty for 1900 amounted to 13*47 per cent, ad valorem. The tin-ore is found in the form of cassiterite, or oxide of tin. It occurs in every conceivable formation, in the stiffest ofclays to the lightest of sands, from the roots of the grass todepths of 250 feet, on the tops of mountains, and in the lowestvalleys. There are two general methods employed for
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Federated Malay States. 79 the winning of the tin-ore. When the tin-hearing strataoccur at any depth up to about 30 feet in the flat valleys itis worked open cast, the whole of the over-burden having tobe removed before the wash dirt is reached. At greater depths than 30 feet, except when the tin-bearingstrata are very regular, the general method employed is tosink shafts, and block out the wash dirt. There are twelve post offices in Selangor, distributed Posts andamong the towns and principal villages of the State. At all Telegraphs.of these ordinary postal business can be transacted, andmoney orders are obtainable at most of them. The telegraph system extends all over the State. Thereare 515 miles of wire. Telephones are worked over 196 miles of line, and a tele-phone exchange is in operation in Kuala Lumpur, which isnow to be extended to some of the more populous countrydistricts. Selangor possesses 570 miles of roads and bridle-paths, of ^oc^ds.which 257 miles are first-class meta

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