عسل‌خوار کائوآیی

عسل‌خوار کائوآیی
	عسل‌خوار کائوآیی
وضعیت حفاظت
	; منقرض‌شده (IUCN 3.1)
	; منقرض‌شده (ESA)
رده‌بندی علمی
Missing taxonomy template (fix):	Moho
گونه:	†M. braccatus
نام دوبخشی
	†Moho braccatus; Cassin, 1855
مترادف
	Mohoa braccata Cassin, 1855 ; Moho nobilis braccatus (Cassin, 1855) ; Pseudomoho braccatus (Cassin, 1855) ; Acrulocercus braccatus (Cassin, 1855);

عسل‌خوار کائوآیی (نام علمی: Moho braccatus) آخرین عضو از سردهٔ Moho در تیرهٔ پرندگان عسل‌خواران هاوایی (Mohoidae) از جزایر هاوایی بود. اکنون کل این تیره، منقرض‌شده است. در گذشته به عنوان عضوی از عسل‌خواران استرالیا-اقیانوس آرام (تیرهٔ عسل‌خواران (Meliphagidae)) در نظر گرفته می‌شد.^[۷] این پرنده بومی جزیره کوآئی بود. تا آغاز سدهٔ بیستم که نابودی آن آغاز شد، در جنگل‌های نیمه‌گرمسیری جزیره رایج بود. آخرین بار در سال ۱۹۸۵ دیده شد و آخرین بار در سال ۱۹۸۷ شنیده شد. علل انقراض آن شامل ورود شکارچیان (مانند موش پولینزی، خدنگ کوچک هندی و خوک اهلی)، بیماری‌های منتقله از پشه و نابودی زیستگاه است.^[۸]

منابع

↑ ^۱٫۰ ^۱٫۱ BirdLife International (2016). "Moho braccatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2016: e.T22704323A93963628. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22704323A93963628.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
↑ U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (October 16, 2023). "Fish and Wildlife Service Delists 21 Species from the Endangered Species Act due to Extinction". Retrieved 16 October 2023.
↑ Cassin, John (1855). "Notices of some new and little known Birds in the collection of the U. S. Exploring Expedition in the Vincennes and Peacock, and in the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 7: 440. JSTOR 4059092.
↑ Bryan, E. H. Jr.; Greenway, J. C. Jr. (1944). "Contribution to the ornithology of the Hawaiian Islands". Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy at Harvard College. 94 (2): 137.
↑ Mathews, Gregory M. (April 25, 1925). "Nomenclatural Notes". Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. 45 (296): 93.
↑ Wilson, Scott B.; Evans, A. H. (Dec 1890). "Acrulocercus braccatus". Aves Hawaiienses: The Birds of the Sandwich Islands. Vol. Part I. London: R. H. Porter. pp. 99–101, Plate 40.
↑ Fleischer, Robert C.; James, Helen F.; Olson, Storrs L. (December 23, 2008). "Convergent evolution of Hawaiian and Australo-Pacific honeyeaters from distant songbird ancestors". Current Biology. 18 (24): 1927–1931. Bibcode:2008CBio...18.1927F. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.10.051. ISSN 1879-0445. PMID 19084408.
↑ "Kauai Oo - Introduction | Birds of North America Online". birdsna.org. Retrieved November 14, 2019. Negative factors have included destruction and modification of native forests; introduction of nonnative mammals to the islands (rats, Indian mongoose, pigs, cattle, sheep, goats, domestic cats) [...] introduction of nonnative birds and associated diseases; introduction of mosquitoes; and exploitation of the 'ö'ö for feathers.

[iucn_status_12_November_2021-1] ۱٫۰ ^۱٫۱ BirdLife International (2016). "Moho braccatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2016: e.T22704323A93963628. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22704323A93963628.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[fws_status-2] U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (October 16, 2023). "Fish and Wildlife Service Delists 21 Species from the Endangered Species Act due to Extinction". Retrieved 16 October 2023.

[3] Cassin, John (1855). "Notices of some new and little known Birds in the collection of the U. S. Exploring Expedition in the Vincennes and Peacock, and in the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 7: 440. JSTOR 4059092.

[4] Bryan, E. H. Jr.; Greenway, J. C. Jr. (1944). "Contribution to the ornithology of the Hawaiian Islands". Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy at Harvard College. 94 (2): 137.

[5] Mathews, Gregory M. (April 25, 1925). "Nomenclatural Notes". Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. 45 (296): 93.

[6] Wilson, Scott B.; Evans, A. H. (Dec 1890). "Acrulocercus braccatus". Aves Hawaiienses: The Birds of the Sandwich Islands. Vol. Part I. London: R. H. Porter. pp. 99–101, Plate 40.

[7] Fleischer, Robert C.; James, Helen F.; Olson, Storrs L. (December 23, 2008). "Convergent evolution of Hawaiian and Australo-Pacific honeyeaters from distant songbird ancestors". Current Biology. 18 (24): 1927–1931. Bibcode:2008CBio...18.1927F. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.10.051. ISSN 1879-0445. PMID 19084408.

[8] "Kauai Oo - Introduction | Birds of North America Online". birdsna.org. Retrieved November 14, 2019. Negative factors have included destruction and modification of native forests; introduction of nonnative mammals to the islands (rats, Indian mongoose, pigs, cattle, sheep, goats, domestic cats) [...] introduction of nonnative birds and associated diseases; introduction of mosquitoes; and exploitation of the 'ö'ö for feathers.

[۱]

[۲]

[۳]

[۴]

[۵]

[۶]

[۷]

[۸]